For full-fledged web application development, your business will need the right front-end and back-end tools to control the process. The frameworks and technologies below will be very useful for creating your web application.
Front-End
On the front end, the tools to use for web application development and web development have remained roughly the same for a quarter of a century. But at least you can bet that they are reliable!
JavaScript
JavaScript is the primary client-side programming language for any type of web development. And almost 100% of web developers use JavaScript to code client-side behavior on their website or web application.
This is because JavaScript allows developers to create dynamic websites. Basic features like scrollbars and clickable buttons are the spawn of JavaScript programming.
Since the origins of JavaScript in the 20th century, this language has expanded significantly, showing its diversity through numerous use cases and frameworks.
HTML
HTML is another major web development technology. Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is responsible for structuring the content of a web page.
A number of HTML elements describe on a web page how to display text, images, and in the latest version of HTML – HTML 5 – also audio and video. HTML elements are most recognizable by the symbols “<” and “>”.
Here’s a secret: if you’re using a desktop or laptop, right-click on any web page, click “View Page Source”, and you’ll see a bunch of HTML embedded right in your browser.
CSS
Cascading Style Scripts (CSS) is a language for marking up the presentation of a web page. Just like JavaScript and HTML, it is a fundamental technology that makes the World Wide Web what it is today.
Colors, layouts and fonts are some of the inherent characteristics of a web page or web application. CSS uses these characteristics.
Back-End
Backend development contains a wider range of technologies because backend development includes several components such as server-side programming, databases, web servers, and APIs.
Programming languages
Server-side or backend programming languages must handle the functionality of the web application, which happens behind the scenes.
Back-end web development may involve working with databases to send and receive data from one end to the other, managing user connections and security authentication, and ultimately empowering the web application to function properly.
Java, Python, Ruby and PHP are some of the most popular server-side languages. Many technology companies use more than one of these languages, but there are still many side-by-side comparisons to test their usefulness.
There are also server-side web frameworks to simplify software development. Django and Ruby on Rails are becoming increasingly well-known in the web development community.
Databases.
Databases store application data. Back-end developers must be familiar with query languages that can query and retrieve data using queries.
Structured Query Language (SQL) is the query language for ordinary web developers. SQL has many extensions or related versions that extend additional features such as MySQL, PostgreSQL and Oracle.
Servers.
Servers respond to network requests. Through the web application’s Internet connection, the server retrieves information based on client requests and then serves the client – that is, you, your computer or mobile device – whatever you requested.
While there is no specific language for servers, all the technologies that make up back-end development must interact perfectly well with the servers they work with.
Of note are the Apache, Nginx and Internet Information Services (IIS) web servers.
APIS
APIs facilitate communication between two or more software systems. API integration is what facilitates the connection between your Google Home and your Spotify playlist, for example, or eBay’s collaboration with PayPal.
Again, APIs don’t have a language for the domain. Instead, developers create APIs using other server-side technologies and share them publicly with other developers or keep them closed to the organization they work for.